福建龙岩教师招聘笔试之西方经典文学典故与英文写作的融合（2）

典故背景介绍: Damocles was pandering to Dionysius, his king, and exclaimed to him that Dionysius was truly fortunate as a great man of power and authority, surrounded by magnificence. In response, Dionysius offered to switch places with Damocles so that Damocles could taste that very fortune firsthand. Damocles quickly and eagerly accepted the king's proposal. Damocles sat down in the king's throne surrounded by every luxury, but Dionysius arranged that a huge sword should hang above the throne, held at the pommel only by a single hair of a horse's tail. Damocles finally begged the king that he be allowed to depart because he no longer wanted to be so fortunate, realizing that with great fortune and power comes also great danger

寓意：指安逸祥和背后所存在的杀机和危险(hidden/potential risk/dangers).

适用情况: 空虚落寞挫败感相对于对毫无规律无节制的生活方式; 唯分数论对学校教育、对学生综合素质的发展; 生态环境恶化及保护对经济发展、人们生活方式的改善(家用汽车的普及、一次性饭盒、塑料袋的使用)

真题再现1: Reward better than punishment!

Para. 1. 观点

Para 2. 原因(教育系统唯分数论使的应试分数成为悬挂在学校、学生和家长头上的达摩克里斯之箭，…惩罚能够获得实质性的分数汇报)

The singular assessment of students’ academic achievement, namely, the sole scores, makes it become the sword of Damocles to schools, teachers, students and parents. (唯分数论)….

Para 2. 措施(怎么样正确地给予奖励)

Para 3. 强调观点

真题再现2: Knowledge plus experience=good teacher?

Para. 1 教育和好教师的重要性。

Para. 2 强调知识储备和经验积累的重要性，但是其并非唯一因素，切不能因强调唯分数论，忽视教师品德的必要性。

Para. 3 强调观点

3.皮格马利翁效应(Pygmalion effect)

典故背景介绍: Pygmalion is a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved. The goddess of Love Aphrodite is finally moved by the affection Pygmalion shows for the statue and turned it into a real lady.

寓意：it refers to the phenomenon whereby higher expectations lead to an increase in performance

适用情况: 社会交往中人与人间相互存在的高期望(领导对下属、教师对学生、父母对孩子、长辈对晚辈)

真题再现1: Love teaching, love your student

Para. 1 观点:爱学生的重要性

As one significant inspiration that can be drawn from Pygmalion Effect suggests, educators are supposed to have positive expectations of their students, to love and appreciate them all.

Para. 2 怎么样去爱学生

Para.3 强调观点

真题再现2: Reward better than punishment!

Para. 1. 观点

Para 2. 原因(教师对学生的奖励是一种积极的期望暗示)

Chinese parents and teachers are frequently and unfairly criticized for having too high expectations for their kids. But as suggested by Pygmalion Effect, high expectations from teachers can exert positive and desirable effect on students. Obviously, reward is more than a way of confirmation of the students’ performances and efforts. It is also a sound reflection of the great expectation teachers have for their students…

Para 2. 措施(怎么样正确地给予奖励)

Para 3. 强调观点

以上所整合的文学典故，对于解释某种现象产生很有帮助，英美文学典故众多，考生可在平时备考过程中有意识地积累，并尝试在练习过程中结合相关话题，进行灵活实践。

最后华图教育衷心祝愿广大考生能够成功迈出教师之路第一步，早日实现教师梦!